The effect of plural legal systems on gender justice is an emerging area of research and policy concern. It is generally agreed that legal pluralities play an important role in determining women’s livelihood options in many developing countries, yet there is surprising little consolidated research examining the relationship between these and the prospects for greater gender justice. This volume presents the results of a three year research project coordinated by the Chr. Michelsen Institute, Bergen, and CIESAS Mexico, which considers the impact of legal pluralities on gender justice and women’s rights. Individual chapters explore the relationship between legal pluralities and gender justice and injustice through a range of country cases from Africa and Latin America, including Sudan, Tanzania, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mexico, Guatemala and Bolivia. By examining the different ways in which legal norms, instruments and discourses are being used to challenge or reinforce gendered forms of exclusion, the volume aims to generate new knowledge about the dynamics at play between contemporary contexts of legal pluralities and the struggles for gender justice.